Article (41)

Value of Supply of Postage Stamps

The value of supply for postage stamps that allow the user to use postal services in the State shall be the amount shown on the stamp.

Article (42)

Temporary Transfer of Goods

If Goods are transferred temporarily from the domestic market into a Designated Zone or outside the State for completing the manufacturing or repair in order to re-import them into the State, the value of the supply when re-Imported shall be the value of the Services rendered.

Chapter Five

Profit Margin

Article (43)

Charging Tax based on Profit Margin

• The Registrant may, in any Tax Period, calculate and charge Tax based on the profit margin earned on the Taxable Supplies as specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law and not based on the value of these supplies, and shall notify the Authority of the same.
• The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the conditions to be met for the application of the provisions of this Article.

Title Six

Zero Rates and Exemptions

Chapter One

Zero Rate

Article (44)

Supply and Import Taxable at Zero Rate

The supply and Import of Goods and Services specified in this Chapter made by a Taxable Person shall be a Taxable Supply subject to the zero rate.

Article (45)

Supply of Goods and Services that is Subject to Zero Rate

The Zero rate shall apply to the following Goods and Services:

• A direct on indirect Export to outside the Implementing States as specified in the Executive A direct or indirect Export to outside the Implementing States as specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• International transport of passengers and Goods which starts or ends in the State or passes through its territory, including also services related to such transport.
• Air passenger transport in the State if it is considered an “international carriage” pursuant to Article (1) of the Warsaw Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air 1929.
• Supply of air, sea and land means of transport for the transportation of passengers and Goods as specified in the Executive Regulations of this Decree-Law.
• Supply of Goods and Services related to the supply of the means of transport mentioned in Clause (4) of this Article and which are designed for the operation, repair, maintenance or conversion of these means of transport.
• Supply of aircrafts or vessels designated for rescue and assistance by air or sea.
• Supply of Goods and Services related to the transfer of Goods or passengers aboard land, air or sea means of transport pursuant to Clauses (2) and (3) of this Article, designated for consumption on board; or anything consumed by any means of transport, any installations or addition thereto or any other use during transportation.
• The supply or Import of investment precious metals. The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the precious metals and the standards based on which they are classified as being for investment purposes.
• The first supply of residential buildings within (3) years of its completion, either through sale or lease in whole or in part, according to the controls specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• The first supply of buildings specifically designed to be used by Charities through sale or lease according to the controls specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• The first supply of buildings converted from non-residential to residential through sale or lease according to the conditions specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• The supply of crude oil and natural gas.
• The supply of educational services and related Goods and Services for nurseries, preschool, elementary education, and higher educational institutions owned or funded by Federal or local Government, as specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• The supply of preventive and basic healthcare Services and related Goods and Services according to what is specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.

Chapter Two

Exemptions

Article (46)

Supply Exempt from Tax

The following supplies shall be exempt from Tax:

• Financial services that are specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• Supply of residential buildings through sale or lease, other than that which is zero-rated according to Clauses (9) and (11) of Article (45) of this Decree-Law.
• Supply of bare land.
• Supply of local passenger transport.

The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the conditions and controls for exempting the supplies mentioned in the preceding clauses of this Article.

Chapter Three

Single and Mixed Supplies

Article (47)

Supply of More Than One Component

The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law will specify the controls to determine the tax treatment of any supply composed of more than one component for a single price, where each component is subject to a different tax treatment.

Chapter Four

Specific Obligations to Account for Tax

Article (48)

Reverse Charge

• If the Taxable Person imports Concerned Goods or Concerned Services for the purposes of his Business, then he shall be treated as making a Taxable Supply to himself, and shall be responsible for all applicable Tax obligations and accounting for Due Tax in respect of these supplies.
• As an exception to Clause (1) of this Article, in case the final destination of the Goods when entering the State is another Implementing State, the Taxable Person shall pay the Due Tax on Import of Concerned Goods pursuant to the mechanism specified by the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• If a Registrant makes a Taxable Supply in the State to another Registrant of any crude or refined oil, unprocessed or processed natural gas, or any hydrocarbons, and the Recipient of these Goods intends to either resell the purchased Goods as crude or refined oil, unprocessed or processed natural gas, or any hydrocarbons, or use these Goods to produce or distribute any form of energy, the following rules shall apply:
  • the Registrant making the Supply shall not charge Tax on the value of the supply of the The Registrant making the Supply shall not charge Tax on the value of the supply of the Goods referred to in this paragraph.
  • The Recipient of the Goods shall calculate the Tax on the value of the Goods supplied thereto and shall be responsible for all applicable Tax obligations and for calculating the Due Tax in respect of such supplies.
• The provisions of Clause (3) of this Article shall not apply in any of the following situations:
  • Where, before the Date of Supply, the Recipient of Goods has not provided a written confirmation to the supplier that his acquisition of the Goods is for the purpose of resale.
  • Where, before the Date of Supply, the Recipient of Goods has not provided a written confirmation to the supplier that he is a Registrant and the supplier has not verified the Tax Registration of the Recipient of Goods by means approved by the Authority.
  • Where the Taxable Supply would be subject to Tax at the rate of 0% in accordance with Clause (1) of Article (45) of this Decree-Law.
  • Where the Taxable Supply includes a supply of Goods or Services other than the Goods referred to in Clause (3) of this Article.
• Where a Recipient of Goods of any crude or refined oil, unprocessed or processed natural gas, or any hydrocarbons confirms in writing to the supplier that he is a Registrant for the purposes of applying Clause (3) of this Article, the following shall appl:
  • The supplier shall not be liable for calculating the Tax in relation to the supply unless he was aware or supposed to be aware, that the Recipient was not a Registrant at the Date of Supply.
  • The Recipient shall be liable for the calculation of any Due Tax in respect of the supply.
• If the supplier mentioned in paragraph (a) of Clause (5) of this Article is supposed to be aware that the Recipient of Goods was not registered at the Date of Supply, the supplier and the Recipient of Goods shall be jointly and severely liable for any Due Tax and relevant penalties in respect of the supply.
• The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify:
  • Conditions and instances where the mechanism in Clause (1) of this Article applies.
  • Additional obligations related to record keeping for Tax calculated according to the mechanism in Clause (1) of this Article.

Article (49)

Import of Concerned Goods

A person not registered for Tax shall pay Due Tax on Import of Concerned Goods from outside the Implementing States on the date of Import pursuant to the payment mechanism specified by the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.

Chapter Five

Designated Zones

Article (50)

Designated Zone

A “Designated Zone” that meets the conditions specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall be treated as being outside the State.

Article (51)

Transfer of Goods in Designated Zones

• Goods may be transferred from one Designated Zone to another Designated Zone without any Tax becoming due.
• The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the procedures and conditions for the transfer of Goods from and to a Designated Zone as well as the method of keeping, storing and processing such Goods therein.

Article (52)

Exceptions for Designated Zone

As an exception to Article (50) of this Decree-Law, the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the conditions under which the Business conducted within the Designated Zones will be regarded as being conducted in the State.

Title Seven

Calculation of Due Tax

Chapter One

Due Tax for a Tax Period

Article (53)

The Payable Tax for any Tax Period shall be calculated as being equal to the total Output Tax payable pursuant to this Decree-Law and which has been done in the Tax Period less the total Recoverable Tax by said Taxable Person over the same Tax Period.

Article (54)

Recoverable Input Tax

• The Input Tax that is recoverable by a Taxable Person for any Tax Period is the total of Input Tax paid for Goods and Services which are used or intended to be used for making any of the following:
  • Taxable Supplies.
  • Supplies that are made outside the State which would have been Taxable Supplies had they been made in the State.
  • Supplies specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law that are made outside the State, which would have been treated as exempt had they been made inside the State.
• Where Goods are imported by a Taxable Person through another Implementing State and the intended final destination of those Goods was the State at the time of Import, then the Taxable Person shall be entitled to treat the Tax paid in respect of Import of Goods into the Implementing State as Recoverable Tax subject to conditions specified the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• Where Goods were acquired by a Taxable Person in another Implementing State and then moved into the State, the Taxable Person shall be entitled to treat the Tax paid in respect of the Goods in the Implementing State as Recoverable Tax subject to the conditions specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• A Taxable Person shall not be entitled to recover any Input Tax in respect of Tax paid in accordance with Clause (2) of Article (48) of this Decree-Law.
• The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the instances where Input Tax is excepted from being recovered.

Article (55)

Recovery of Recoverable Input Tax in the Tax Period

• Taking into consideration the provisions of Article (56) of this Decree-Law, the Recoverable Input Tax may be deducted through the Tax Return relating to the first Tax Period in which the following conditions have been satisfied:
  • The Taxable Person receives and keeps the Tax Invoice as per the provisions of this Decree-Law, provided that the Tax Invoice includes the details of the supply related to such Input Tax, or keeps any other document pursuant to Clause (3) of Article (65) of this Decree-Law in relation to the Supply or Import on which Input Tax was paid.
  • The Taxable Person pays the Consideration for the Supply or any part thereof, as specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• If the Taxable Person entitled to recover the Input Tax fails to do so during the Tax Period in which the conditions stated in Clause (1) of this Article have been satisfied, he may include the Recoverable Tax in the Tax Return for the subsequent Tax Period.

Article (56)

Input Tax Paid before Tax Registration

• A Registrant may recover Recoverable Tax incurred before Tax Registration on the Tax Return submitted for the first Tax Period following Tax Registration, which has been paid for any of the following:
  • Supply of Goods and Services made to him prior to the date of Tax Registration.
  • Import of Goods by him prior to the date of Tax Registration.
    
    Provided that these Goods and Services were used to make supplies that give the right to Input Tax recovery upon Tax Registration.
• As an exception to the provisions of Clause (1) of this Article, Input Tax may not be recovered in any of the following instances:
  • The receipt of Goods and Services for purposes other than making Taxable Supplies.
  • Input Tax related to the part of the Capital Assets that depreciated before the date of Tax Registration.
  • If the Services were received more than five years prior to the date of Tax Registration.
  • Where a Person has moved the Goods to another Implementing State prior to the Tax Registration in the State.

Article (57)

Recovery of Tax by Government Entities and Charities

A Cabinet Decision shall be issued at the suggestion of the Minister determining the Government Entities and Charities entitled to recover the full amount of Input Tax paid by them, except for:

• Tax excluded from recovery as specified in the Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law.
• Tax paid for Goods and Services used to perform exempt supplies.

Chapter Two

Apportionment and Adjustment of Input Tax

Article (58)

Calculating the Input Tax that may be Recovered

The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the method in which the Input Tax that may be recovered is calculated, if Input Tax is paid for Goods or Services during a specific Tax Period to make supplies that allow recovery under Article (54) and others that do not allow recovery, or for activities conducted that are not in the course of doing the Business.

Article (59)

Conditions and Mechanism of Input Tax Adjustment

The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the conditions and mechanism for adjusting Input Tax in the following cases:

• If the Taxable Person attributes the Input Tax, either fully or partially, to make Taxable Supplies, but changed the use, or the intended use, of those Goods or Services prior to making the Taxable Supplies.
• If the Taxable Person attributes the Input Tax, either fully or partially, to make Exempt Supplies, or for activities that do not fall within the conduct of Business, but changed the use or the intended use of the those Goods or Services related to the Input Tax prior to making Exempt Supplies.

Chapter Three

Capital Assets Scheme

Article (60)

Capital Assets Scheme

• If a Capital Asset is supplied or imported by a Taxable Person, the latter shall assess the period of use of such asset and make the necessary adjustments to the Input Tax paid pursuant to the Capital Assets Scheme.
• A Taxable Person shall keep the records related to Capital Assets for at least ten years.
• The Executive Regulation of this Decree-Law shall specify the following:
  • Capital Assets subject to the provisions of this Decree-Law and their estimated useful life.
  • The method of adjusting Capital Assets and the periods for which adjustments should be made.
  • Instances where the period for keeping records of Capital Asset records is extended.

Chapter Four

Adjustment of Tax after the Supply Date

Article (61)

Instances and Conditions for Output Tax Adjustments

• A Registrant shall adjust Output Tax after the date of supply in any of the following instances:
  • If the supply was cancelled.
  • If the Tax treatment of the supply has changed due to a change in the nature of the supply.
  • If the previously agreed Consideration for the supply was altered for any reason.
  • If the Recipient of Goods or Recipient of Services returned them to the Registrant in full or in part and the Consideration was returned in full or in part.
  • If the Tax was charged in error.
• Paragraph (e) of Clause (1) of this Article shall not apply where the place of supply was treated by the supplier at the Date of Supply as being subject to Clause (1) of Article (27), but, as a result of a movement of the Goods, it turned out that it should have been treated as a supply under paragraph (b)(1) of Clause (3) of the same.
• In order to adjust the Output Tax any of the following conditions shall be met:
  • If the Output Tax amount charged on the supply stated in the Tax Invoice does not match the Tax that should actually be charged on the supply as a result of any of the events mentioned in Clause (1) of this Article.
  • If the Registrant submits a Tax Return for the Tax Period during which the supply occurred and an amount was incorrectly calculated as being the amount of Output Tax due for this supply as the result of any of the events mentioned in Clause (1) of this Article.